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Published by The 

Automobile Club or Soutnern Caliromia 

1344 south figueroa street 
los angeles, cal. 

Price 25 Cents 

Copyriaht, April 10th, 1915 






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California's Golden Age is no more reflected 
in the past than in the present. 

Today is linked to yesterday by the "Cathe- 
drals in the Sun" — California's ^lissions. Here 
for the first time is presented a complete tour of 
all the Missions located between the two 
Expositions. 

In presenting this data to the visiting and the 
resident motorists, the Automobile Club of 
Southern California has attempted a simple 
arrangement of fact. The route, known to 
historians as El Camino Real (The King's 
Highway) has, by popular usage become known 
as the "Coast Route." All of the missions are 
located here. 

Time should be no object in wandering along 
this route of the padres. Each crumbling ruin 
(and all are not ruins), has its individual story, 
its history. Inquiry at Club headquarters for 
up-to-date road information is advised. This 
may be secured at 1344 South Figueroa Street, 
Los Angeles; The Hotel Maryland, Pasadena; 
The Grant Hotel Building, San Diego; and the 
Chamber of Commerce Building, Santa Barbara. 



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MAY 17 1915 



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More splendid in their melting glory than the 
Cathedrals of the Old World, CaUfornia's dust- 
brown missions call the motorist to the trails of 
yesterday over the highways of today. 

Wearily waiting for the inevitable end, when 
their tired walls have at last melted to the dust 
from which they sprang, when rain and wind 
have called earth's own back again, these ruins 
sleep majesticallj' on the rounded breasts of 
their native hills. 

Histories written now, or shortly to be written, 
can never recall to being for future generations 
the slewing walls. Fortunate among men are 
those that send their purring motors out over 
the California boulevards and see, with their 
own eyes opened to the wonder of the Things 
That Used To Be, the last good-bye of Father 
Serra's monuments. 

There are no stained glass windows in these 
missions; there are no $60,000 "Old Masters", 
there are no flamboyant mosaics, no carved fili- 
gree. Dedicated to the solemn service of God 
through the child-like faith of the padres, 
springing monumental from the soil on which 
they stand, these cathedrals of the newer world 
have taken their places in the heart of the sun 
over the blood of their builders. They do not 
claim the motorist's speeding regard with the 
enticements of the Old World art — they make 
no claim at all. History, romance, achieve- 
ments are their mural decorations, their Alpha 
and Omega: their first, and so — their last. 

The living speak for themselves — Santa 
Barbara, San Gabriel, Los Angeles, San Luis 
Obispo, Ventura and Mission Dolores. Recon- 
struction, preservation, supplementation have 
bested the elements in their eager work of 
destruction. It is the ruined which call most 
loudly, though their tongues are mute — Mission 
San Jose, La Soledad, San Juan Capistrano, San 
Diego. 

In this tour they plead tor recognition. It is 



not diflBcult to rehabilitate each adobe pile 
with the Ufe, the hopes, the ambitions of a cen- 
tury ago. In their patios gathered the Indians 
at sunrise, under their arches walked the con- 
templative Fathers at sunset, in their fields 
worked both at noontide. Soldiers swaggered 
there. Naked savages came down from the 
hills for their baptisms and Father Junipero 
Serra achieved, protective, over all. 




S.\N JUAN CAPISTRANO 
Biography San Juan Capistrano Mission 
Half way between San Gabriel and San Diego on the El 
Camino Real. Founded in 1776. Originally the most beauti- 
ful of all the missions and remarkable for the heavy stone 
carvings and the great tower which fell in the earthquake of 
1812, killing the worshippers at their devotions. That, 
together with the elements, have left here the most picturesque 
of all the missions. 



Between the years of 1769 and 1823 their 
work was done — fifty-four years of patting mud 
into shapely tiles, of hewing sycamore boughs 
into sturdy timbers, ot brewing mortar from the 
limestone, of treading the motor highways of 
today. Where oxcarts creaked, where padres 
walked, twentieth century fliers are hurtling, 
still the dust is the same, the walls are there, and 
still, under the shadow of the self-same cross, 
the children of the missions, the Indians, are 
waiting for the end. 

Lion of them all, superb, benign, even tri- 



umphant in its passing, its work done, its 
history inscribed more deeply in the hearts of 
those that are going or have gone, than in any 
book, beckons San Juan Capistrano — ^sired by 
Necessity and whose dam was Hope. Just as 
Santa Barbara is the most vital living relic of the 
past, so is Capistrano its most glowing ruin. 

So much for the past. For the future the 
advent of the motor can promise a better under- 
standing of these missions. With the realiza- 
tion that they are melting into the Beyond, 
trickling slowly to their valley levels, efforts will 
be made to save them. But while they are in 
the glory of their departing days the motorist 
can do little better than to follow the routes 
herein portrayed and make of California's 
Mission Tour a journey through the gates. 

Motorists will choose one of three ways to 
cover the Mission Tour of the Automobile 
Club of Southern California. They will tour 
the length of the State, beginning at San Diego 
and working northward; they will tour south- 
ward from San Francisco or they will center their 
initial activity in and about Los Angeles. 

The latter is perhaps the best plan. Leaving 
Los Angeles, it is then possible to tour to San 




LOS ANGELES MISSION 

Situated in the center of Old Los Angeles at the Plaza. 
It is used now as a place of worship and is open to visitors. 
It is historically, but not architecturally significant. 



Diego over the Inland Route, stopping at Pala 
and the first mission founded, at San Diego, and 
returning over El Camino Real, California's 
Riviera, along the coast, stopping at San Luis 
Rey and San Juan Capistrano and then on to 
San Francisco. 




SAN G.\BRIEL 
One of the most prosperous of all the missions. Founded in 
1771. To be remembered for its thousands of neophytes, its 
splendid -nines and its fertile fields. It is a pure type of what 
may be called Californian architecture — a combination of the 
Spanish and the Moorish. 



To know something of how, why and when the 
missions were built here on the western shore of 
America is imperative to a sympathetic under- 
standing of the mission romance. 

In its efforts to secure the Californias tor 
itself, Spain sent soldiers and priests to the coast 
for the purpose of establishing presidios (mili- 
tary bases) and missions — the latter to convert 
the Indians, which at that time were in the 
savage state. Landing first at San Diego, the 
succeeding years were made up of chapters of 
untold hardships on the part of the padres, ot 



Father Serra's long search for the Bay of Monte- 
rey, of the first baptism at San Diego, where, in 
1769, the first mission was founded. 

In building these missions, the Fathers induced 
the Indians, as rapidly as they became tractable, 
to carrv logs down from the hills, to mold adobe 




SAN DIEGO MISSION 
San Diego de Alcala 
Significant as the first mission founded in California, date, 
July, 1769. Started first at the mouth of the San Diego River 
and later moved nearer the timbered mountains. Although 
far gone in ruins its site teems with the romance of the baptism 
of the first California Indian. From here the Fathers moved 
northward and the chain of missions was begun. 



and to build with stones, much as the Pyramids 
were built. Gradually, one by one. Father 
Serra added to his geographical rosary, other 
missions, until a long string, linked by El 
Camino Real, was spread along the Calitornia 
coast. 

Each mission within its walls encloses the life 
history of one or more of the padres who were 
Father Serra's lieutenants in the work, and all 
are dying tributes to the courage of the man 
himself. Whatever may be said of the success 
or failure of Spain's venture, the last word must 
be written for the personal enthusiasm of 
■lunipero Serra. 

With the natural material at hand, adobe, 



limestone, sycamore boughs and stone, with 
crude tools fashioned here or brought on the 
ships from Spain, the padres, garbed in the 
clinging robes of their church, helped by half 
wild, half naked savages, built the walls seven 
feet in thickness and in places one hundred feet 
in height. With no interference from outside 
sources, which are generally reported under the 
head of secular greed, it is possible that these 
cathedrals, despite rain, despite earthquake, 
despite time, would all be standing as is Santa 




SAN LUIS REY 
San Lns Ret De Francia 
Founded in 1798 and in fair state of preservation, services 
being held and the doors remaining at this date open to 
visitors. 



Barbara today. However, for the most part, 
their work was done. In the advance ot civili- 
zation other forces concentrated in the develop- 
ment of California. 

Now, these missions are not the relic of any 
creed. They are the property of the people of 
the United States in a finer sense than that given 
by deed or title. Like the battlefield of Gettys- 



burg, like Plymouth Rock, Bunker Hill and the 
Liberty Bell, they belong to the soil of the 
Nation — they are the nation's wards. Every 
slipping wall, every crumbling arch, every 
loosening tile falling into dust tarnishes the 
bright escutcheon of the nation with that dust. 
Attempts to save them have been puny and 
futile — the motorist will know that at San Juan 
Capistrano. On February 2, 1915, the gateway 
to the children's quarters fell. 




SAX FERNANDO 
Mission San Fernando 
Dedicated in 1797, it stands now as the original stiucture, 
which was built on the ruins, this escaping the earthquake of 
1812. Additions have been made throughout the years. 



It was the custom of the padres to cover the 
distance between the Missions, not in ox-carts or 
by horse, but on foot. By instinct they followed 
the routes of least resistance, winding among the 
hills and along the shore, seeking ever the level 
places for their weary tread. In after years 
their trails were broadened and over them ran 
ox-carts, carrying rich farm products to the 
market places. As time went on the ox-carts 
gave place to horse drawn vehicles and the 
by-ways that had become roads were improved, 
their course changed here and there to shorten 
the long distances. 



Finally came the automobile, steam shovels, 
modern methods, and El Camino Real, deviating 
only a little from the mission paths, was seized 
on as a great State highway; $18,000,000 in 
State bonds were passed with the promise of 
paved boulevards to come. These monuments in 




SANTA BARBARA 
Saxta Barbara 
Founded in 1782. Father Serra passed away two years 
later and many troubles befell the missions, among them 
being the denial of temporal power. It was one of the largest, 
most elaborate and best built of all the missions. Rebuilt 
after the earthquake of 1812, it still retains much of its 
original grandeur. 



concrete to the achievements of California's first 
civil engineers are no less real gifts to the world 
than were the missions themselves. 

As the problems of road building were met by 
the growing West, came another factor in the 
scheme of things that count. The Automobile 
Club of Southern California, develojiing into a 
powerful organization as naturally as developed 
the concrete highways, exercised its energy in 
placing guiding marks over tlic .5,000 miles of 
road crossing and recrossing the southern part 
of the State. Hero was installed the most com- 
plete system oi iiighway sign-posting in the 
world — the motorists' gift to the reclamation 
work of the padres. 



Today, from San Francisco to San Diego lies 
Serra's rosary, linked by the adamantine chain. 
Over it are rolHng motor cars from every State, 
compassing between sunrise and sunset the 
distance taken by the padres in the passing ot 
a moon. Calling ever are the missions, somnolent 




SAX LI 16 OBISPO 

San Luis Obispo De Tolosa 

Among the smallest and least important of all the missions. 

Was the home of Father Martinez, most romantic of all friars. 

He was convicted of smuggling and returned to Madrid. 

This mission was founded in 1772. 



as Old Acu, the Bellringer, in the shadow of 
his beloved Capistrano; calling, not by voices 
strained thru filigree, not by the rumble of 
Old Masters, nor by architecture's shriek, but 
by the subtler magnetism oi the past — the assured 
completeness of Old Age, the satisfaction of 
a life well spent, a work well done. 




VENTURA 
San Bcena Ventuba 
Founded by Father Junipero Serra personally. Situated 
now in the heart of Ventura, the old mission was once the 
scene of many attacks by Indians. Bullet marks may now be 
seen on the walls. Its powei languished after 1830. It appears 
now only as a church, all its former glory and beauty having 
sunk into decay. 




SANTA YNEZ 

Santa Ynez 

Never as large or as rich as many of the missions, it still 

remains a monument of beauty — all that was left after the 

earthquake. It was founded in ISOl. Five of the original 

bells hang in a reconstructed tower. 




LA SOLEDAD 

This was the starving brother of all the missions. Its crops 
were poor, its neophytes few, and iis architecture simple. It 
occupies a place in California's history as being the leanest 
of many fat cattle, which were the missions. It was founded 
in 1791. 




PALA 

San Antonio De Pal.i 
Was once a branch of San Luis Rey, and remains only as a 
tower of bells, a modern Indian school and a general store. It 
is situated at the base of the beautiful Palamar Mountains 
and on the San Luis Rey River. 




SAN MIGUEL 

One of the most important of the Spanish outposts ct 
religion on the Pacific Coast since its fcunding in 1797. This 
place of worship has changed very little since its original com- 
pletion and is well worth close study. The arrangement of the 
arches distinguish this church from the others. 







SAN JUAN BAUTISTA 

Hampered after its founding in 1797 by Indian laids and 
intrigues. It was the most unfortunate of all the missions and 
suffered from fire, raid, antl earthquake. 




LA PURISIMA COXCEPCION 
Although founded in 1787, it was completely demolished by 
the earthquake of 1812 and the ruins swept away by the river. 
Later the church structure was .ebuilt and dedicated In 
viewing many of the seeming ruins it must be remembered that 
they are not the original edifices. Fifteen thousand souls were 
converted to the faith here. 




SAX A.MUXKJ OK PAULA 
Its Influence extended for hundreds of miles and more than 
one thousand Indians servea its cause. Founded in 1771. 
The original structure was replaced in 1813, and increased in 
impoi'lance up until that time. 




CARMEL 

El Carmelo 
Founded at the end of Father Serra's long walk to discover 
the Bay of Monterey. It was dedicated to King Carlos. 
Founded in 1770, was restored in 1881, upon the original plans. 
The tower is a replica of the first and the splendid f.imishings 
of the first edifice have been preserved. 




SAN JOSE 
The original bjilding, founded in 1796, was unpretentious 
and poor. Another building was erected in 1800 and is .>.till 
standing. San Jose is noted mere for its fields and gardens 
than for its architectural beauty. 



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SANTA CRUZ 

Founded in 1790. This mission had a very vinhappy exist- 
ence, experiencing numerous attacks by Indians. No vestige 
of the ruins now remain. 




SANTA CLARA 

Santa Clara De Assis 
Founded in 1777. It was first built on the shores of San 
Francisco Bay but completely ruined by storms and high 
tides. The second structure was rebuilt farther inland but it 
was not a prosperous mission and soon went to ruin. There are 
also no signs of the ruins of this mission remaining. 




SANTA CLARA DE MONTEREY 
Situated in the City of Monterey. The building is now in 
good repair and is being used as a church. 




DELORES 

Sa-N" Kran'cisco De Aasis 

Escaping the fire of 1906, the building as it stand? today is 

reminiscent of its original cast, although it has been repaired 

to some extent. It was founded in 1776 and is still used as a 

place of worship. 



Memorial 



What Columbus, Washington and Lincoln 
have been to the United States of America, 
Father Junipero Serra, a Franciscan priest born 
on the Island of Majorca in the year 1713, has 
been to California. 

When the Pacific Coast was as aboriginal as a 
South Sea Island, young Serra came to spend 
nine years among the naked Indians. Followed 
years of preaching in the Mexican College at 
Fernando, and finally, the presidency of the 
California Missions under the F. anciscan regime. 

Because he was an individual, harboring a 
slender frame, handicapped by an unfortunate 
lameness, a spirit greater than the disasters that 
beset him; because he placed for all time the 
State of California in an individual niche of 
fame, his individuality is etched tOrever on the 
Golden West. 

Napoleonic in executive ability, a Webster in 
pursuasive power, a Luther in religious fervor, 
this Padre of the past swept California before 
him into a living component of the civilized 
world. 

His travels by foot covered the western shore 
from Monterey to San Diego. His first work, 
done there, put the stamp of finalitj' on the 
later achievements. 

Thb inspiration of his vibrant personality was 
communicated to his lieutenants and they 
carried on what he had so masterly started. He 
passed away at San Carlos Mission, Monterey, 
in 1784, thirty-nine years after the founding of 
the last cathedral in the sun. His body lies at 
Monterey. 



iPASAOENA 

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TOURING BUREAU 
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CALIFORNIA 

ON 

EL CAMINO REAL 



Mission ©our ^o. I 

On leaving Los Angeles, go north on North 
Main Street to Eastlake Park, where turn to the 
right for one short block and then turn to the 
left onto Alhambra Avenue and follow east to 
the first well defined forks. Here take the 
left hand road, which will lead directly to San 
Gabriel Mission (8.5). After leaving the mission 
keep straight ahead to the main Inland Route 
which is rejoined in the vicinity of El Monte 
(13.4). From here on one follows a well-defined 
road with no chance of being misguided. 

This road is typical of the Southland, first 
showing the results of cultivation and later the 
land as it was before this improvement. From 
Los Angeles to Pomona, one passes through a 
country devoted to the raising of wheat and 
truck products but between Pomona (33.0) and 
Ontario (39.0) some of the finest orange groves in 
the South will be found. Not more than ten 
years ago, this section was a desert of sand and 
cactus. Between Ontario and Riverside (56.0) 
the nearest approach to the original desert will 
be found, although this is now producing thou- 
sands of tons of grapes a year for the famous 
Mission Vintage Wines. 

The City of Riverside is really the hub of this 
wonderful district, being set in a forest of orange 
trees on the banks of the Santa Ana River at the 
foot of Mt. Rubidoux. Many hours may be 
profitably spent on the drives of this section, but 
will be incomplete without a visit to the Mission 
Inn. Here the old mission architecture has been 
reproduced with wonderful exactness and the 
collection of Mission and Indian relics is one of 
the most wonderful in the world. 

After leaving Riverside, the road follows a 
series of small valleys to Pala (108.0) and on to 
San Diego (175.0). All this road is very pictur- 
esque and interesting. 

The return trip should be made over the Coast 
Route. On leaving San Diego the road passes 
through La Jolla (14.0), famous for its bathing 
and sea-caves, and on to Del Mar (25.0). Here 
a stop should be made at beautiful Stratford Inn, 
where one may sit, overlooking the ocean and 
be served with an excellent luncheon. From this 
point on to San Juan Capistrano (87.0) and 
Los Angeles (131.0), the State Highway is 
almost all completed, making one of the most 
beautiful drives in the State. 



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TOURING BUREAU 
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From Los Angeles follow the San Fernando 
Boulevard, which is a continuation of Avenue 
20 from North Broadway. This will lead one 
directly to the San Fernando Mission (24.0), 
through the San Fernando Valley, one of 
Southern California's newest acquisitions and 
fast becoming its most productive section. 
From this point north there is a choice of three 
routes, any one of which is picturesque, but the 
Calabasas route is the most advisable on ac- 
count of the recently constructed State Highway. 
This road will lead directly to Ventura (76.0) 
through the Oxnard Valley, famed for its 
enormous production of beans. Luncheon may 
be had at Pierpont Inn or Hotel De Leon, 
after which a visit to the mission can be made, 
aU leaving ample time to make the run to 
Santa Barbara (108.0). This section of the 
road passes over the newly constructed Rincon 
Sea Level Route, which is unique in construction 
and very picturesque. In Santa Barbara the 
Potter or Arlington Hotels both furnish excellent 
accommodations. The Mission here is very 
interesting; also many hours may be spent on 
the drives of the city. 

The next day's drive wUl take one over the 
San Marcos Pass, the view from the summit of 
which is one of the most beautiful in the State. 
If possible a stop should be made at Mattai's 
Tavern in Los Olivos (142.0) for luncheon, as 
cuisine here is excellent, although plain. From 
here on the road passes through Foxen Canyon 
to Santa Maria. This town is the center of the 
Santa Maria Oil Fields, which lie in the hills 
on the west. 

From Santa Maria (200.0) to San Luis Obispo 
(232.0) the road passes El Pismo Beach, one 
of the finest bathing beaches on the Pacific 
Coast. Nearer San Luis Obispo, one will see 
one of the largest oil refineries in the West, but 
never operated. 

The City of San Luis Obispo is very prettily 
situated, being located in a small valley and 
entirely surrounded by timbered hills. Some 
very picturesque drives radiate from here to the 
various points of interest, svich as the old fishing 
towns of Cambria and Cavucos on the coast. 




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Mwmtm Eant ^o. 3 

From San Luis Obispo north the road passes 
over the Cuesta Grade into the Santa Mar- 
guarita Valley and th ru Oak groves and meadows 
to Paso Robles (261.0), famous for its hot 
sulphur baths. The surrounding country is all 
very beautiful, consisting of rolling hills covered 
with oak and pine trees. 

From Paso Robles to Jolon (307.0) the coun- 
try is all about the same, but after leaving the 
latter place the road descends into the Salinas 
Valley and from this point on to Salinas level 
territory will be found. A side trip to Monterey 
and the Forty Mile Drive should not be missed, 
as these places, as well as Carmel Mission, are 
among the most picturesque places of Northern 
California. Many delightful days may be spent 
in the vicinity of Monterey and Pacific Grove, 
touring to the beaches and the Big Trees. 

After leaving Salinas, the road winds over the 
San Juan Grade to San Juan, a sleepy little 
town at the foot of the hills, and on up the Santa 
Clara Valley to San Jose (427.0). Here the road 
diverges, one leading to Mission San Jose and on 
into Oakland (471.0), and the other following the 
peninsula to San Francisco (473.0). Both routes 
are very beautiful and should be taken in before 
leaving the Bay District. 



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CLUB HEADQUARTERS, 1344 SO. FIGUEROA STREET 




FREU L. BAKER, President 
Automobile Club of Southern California 



Some of the Advantages of Membership 

in the 
Automobile Club of Southern California 



The Automobile Club of Southern California, 
with nearly 7000 members enrolled, is the 
largest motoring organization in this coun- 
try. 

It has sign-posted about 6000 miles of roads in 
Southern California. 

It is now sign-posting a Trans-Continental 
Route from Los Angeles to New York. 

It is one of the leading factors in connection with 
the construction and maintenance of GOOD 
ROADS in this and adjacent States. 



Membership in the Club entitles you to: 

IDENTIFICATION Card, insuring you 
courtesies everywhere. 

TOURING INFORMATION to all parts 
of the country. 

Complete set of ROAD MAPS covering 
Southern California, Nevada and Ari- 
zona. 

Thoroughly SIGN-POSTED ROADS 
throughout Southern California. 

The Club's Magazine, TOURING TOP- 
ICS, which contains touring informa- 
tion, legal data and general automobile 
news. 

CLUB EMBLEM, by depositing $1.50 
which is refunded on return of the 
emblem. 

Service of our LEGAL DEPARTMENT 
without charge. 

INSURANCE on cars at practically cost. 
Services of the THEFT BUREAU, which 
is maintained by the Club for locating 
stolen automobiles and accessories. 
The Club also maintains a LOST and 
FOUND Department. 



$11.00 pays for initiation fee ($5) and six months 
dues in advance ($6). 

Every motorist in the State is directly or indi- 
rectly benefitted by the operations of the 
Automobile Club of Southern California. 



Officers and Board of Directors 
of the 
Automobile Club of Southern California 



FRED L. BAKER, President 
W. L. VALENTINE, Vice-President 
H. G. MILLER, 2nd Vice-President 

A. C. BALCH 

H. W. KELLER 

W. H. BOOTH 

E. G. KUSTER 

E. T. OFF 

FRED W. JACKSON 

FRANK A. MILLER 

HARRY CHANDLER 

P. H. RICE 

W. S. BENCHLEY 

MONT. P. CHUBB 

W. E. DRURY 
J. V. WACHTEL 



E. G. KUSTER, General Counsel. 
STANDISH L. MITCHELL, Secretary. 



SAN DIEGO HEADQUARTERS 
U. S. Grant Hotel 
San Diego, Calif. 



PASADENA HEADQUARTERS 
25 North Los Robles Avenue 
Pasadena, Calif. 



SANTA BARBARA HEADQUARTERS 

Chamber of Commerce 

Santa Barbara, Calif. 



LIBRftRY OF CONGRESS 



017 186 424 0, 



